docs: improving examples and docs (#235)

* docs: improving examples and docs

Signed-off-by: Carlos Alexandro Becker <caarlos0@users.noreply.github.com>

* refactor: renamed some vars

Signed-off-by: Carlos Alexandro Becker <caarlos0@users.noreply.github.com>

* docs: more examples

Signed-off-by: Carlos Alexandro Becker <caarlos0@users.noreply.github.com>

* chore: typo

* docs: wording

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Ayman Bagabas <ayman.bagabas@gmail.com>

---------

Signed-off-by: Carlos Alexandro Becker <caarlos0@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Ayman Bagabas <ayman.bagabas@gmail.com>

Author: caarlos0

activeterm/activeterm.go

@@ -2,23 +2,21 @@
 package activeterm
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
-
 	"github.com/charmbracelet/ssh"
 	"github.com/charmbracelet/wish"
 )
 
 // Middleware will exit 1 connections trying with no active terminals.
 func Middleware() wish.Middleware {
-	return func(sh ssh.Handler) ssh.Handler {
-		return func(s ssh.Session) {
-			_, _, active := s.Pty()
-			if !active {
-				fmt.Fprintln(s, "Requires an active PTY")
-				s.Exit(1) // nolint: errcheck
-				return    // unreachable
+	return func(next ssh.Handler) ssh.Handler {
+		return func(sess ssh.Session) {
+			_, _, active := sess.Pty()
+			if active {
+				next(sess)
+				return
 			}
-			sh(s)
+			wish.Println(sess, "Requires an active PTY")
+			_ = sess.Exit(1)
 		}
 	}
 }

bubbletea/tea.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ type BubbleTeaHandler = Handler // nolint: revive
 // Handler is the function Bubble Tea apps implement to hook into the
 // SSH Middleware. This will create a new tea.Program for every connection and
 // start it with the tea.ProgramOptions returned.
-type Handler func(ssh.Session) (tea.Model, []tea.ProgramOption)
+type Handler func(sess ssh.Session) (tea.Model, []tea.ProgramOption)
 
 // ProgramHandler is the function Bubble Tea apps implement to hook into the SSH
 // Middleware. This should return a new tea.Program. This handler is different
@@ -32,24 +32,24 @@ type Handler func(ssh.Session) (tea.Model, []tea.ProgramOption)
 //
 // Make sure to set the tea.WithInput and tea.WithOutput to the ssh.Session
 // otherwise the program will not function properly.
-type ProgramHandler func(ssh.Session) *tea.Program
+type ProgramHandler func(sess ssh.Session) *tea.Program
 
 // Middleware takes a Handler and hooks the input and output for the
 // ssh.Session into the tea.Program.
 //
 // It also captures window resize events and sends them to the tea.Program
 // as tea.WindowSizeMsgs.
-func Middleware(bth Handler) wish.Middleware {
-	return MiddlewareWithProgramHandler(newDefaultProgramHandler(bth), termenv.Ascii)
+func Middleware(handler Handler) wish.Middleware {
+	return MiddlewareWithProgramHandler(newDefaultProgramHandler(handler), termenv.Ascii)
 }
 
 // MiddlewareWithColorProfile allows you to specify the minimum number of colors
 // this program needs to work properly.
 //
 // If the client's color profile has less colors than p, p will be forced.
 // Use with caution.
-func MiddlewareWithColorProfile(bth Handler, p termenv.Profile) wish.Middleware {
-	return MiddlewareWithProgramHandler(newDefaultProgramHandler(bth), p)
+func MiddlewareWithColorProfile(handler Handler, profile termenv.Profile) wish.Middleware {
+	return MiddlewareWithProgramHandler(newDefaultProgramHandler(handler), profile)
 }
 
 // MiddlewareWithProgramHandler allows you to specify the ProgramHandler to be
@@ -65,41 +65,41 @@ func MiddlewareWithColorProfile(bth Handler, p termenv.Profile) wish.Middleware
 //
 // If the client's color profile has less colors than p, p will be forced.
 // Use with caution.
-func MiddlewareWithProgramHandler(bth ProgramHandler, p termenv.Profile) wish.Middleware {
-	return func(h ssh.Handler) ssh.Handler {
-		return func(s ssh.Session) {
-			s.Context().SetValue(minColorProfileKey, p)
-			_, windowChanges, ok := s.Pty()
+func MiddlewareWithProgramHandler(handler ProgramHandler, profile termenv.Profile) wish.Middleware {
+	return func(next ssh.Handler) ssh.Handler {
+		return func(sess ssh.Session) {
+			sess.Context().SetValue(minColorProfileKey, profile)
+			_, windowChanges, ok := sess.Pty()
 			if !ok {
-				wish.Fatalln(s, "no active terminal, skipping")
+				wish.Fatalln(sess, "no active terminal, skipping")
 				return
 			}
-			p := bth(s)
-			if p == nil {
-				h(s)
+			program := handler(sess)
+			if program == nil {
+				next(sess)
 				return
 			}
-			ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(s.Context())
+			ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(sess.Context())
 			go func() {
 				for {
 					select {
 					case <-ctx.Done():
-						p.Quit()
+						program.Quit()
 						return
 					case w := <-windowChanges:
-						p.Send(tea.WindowSizeMsg{Width: w.Width, Height: w.Height})
+						program.Send(tea.WindowSizeMsg{Width: w.Width, Height: w.Height})
 					}
 				}
 			}()
-			if _, err := p.Run(); err != nil {
+			if _, err := program.Run(); err != nil {
 				log.Error("app exit with error", "error", err)
 			}
 			// p.Kill() will force kill the program if it's still running,
 			// and restore the terminal to its original state in case of a
 			// tui crash
-			p.Kill()
+			program.Kill()
 			cancel()
-			h(s)
+			next(sess)
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -110,23 +110,23 @@ var profileNames = [4]string{"TrueColor", "ANSI256", "ANSI", "Ascii"}
 
 // MakeRenderer returns a lipgloss renderer for the current session.
 // This function handle PTYs as well, and should be used to style your application.
-func MakeRenderer(s ssh.Session) *lipgloss.Renderer {
-	cp, ok := s.Context().Value(minColorProfileKey).(termenv.Profile)
+func MakeRenderer(sess ssh.Session) *lipgloss.Renderer {
+	cp, ok := sess.Context().Value(minColorProfileKey).(termenv.Profile)
 	if !ok {
 		cp = termenv.Ascii
 	}
-	r := newRenderer(s)
+	r := newRenderer(sess)
 	if r.ColorProfile() > cp {
-		wish.Printf(s, "Warning: Client's terminal is %q, forcing %q\r\n", profileNames[r.ColorProfile()], profileNames[cp])
+		wish.Printf(sess, "Warning: Client's terminal is %q, forcing %q\r\n", profileNames[r.ColorProfile()], profileNames[cp])
 		r.SetColorProfile(cp)
 	}
 	return r
 }
 
 // MakeOptions returns the tea.WithInput and tea.WithOutput program options
 // taking into account possible Emulated or Allocated PTYs.
-func MakeOptions(s ssh.Session) []tea.ProgramOption {
-	return makeOpts(s)
+func MakeOptions(sess ssh.Session) []tea.ProgramOption {
+	return makeOpts(sess)
 }
 
 type sshEnviron []string
@@ -148,9 +148,9 @@ func (e sshEnviron) Getenv(k string) string {
 	return ""
 }
 
-func newDefaultProgramHandler(bth Handler) ProgramHandler {
+func newDefaultProgramHandler(handler Handler) ProgramHandler {
 	return func(s ssh.Session) *tea.Program {
-		m, opts := bth(s)
+		m, opts := handler(s)
 		if m == nil {
 			return nil
 		}

examples/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Wish Examples
+
+We recommend you follow the examples in the following order:
+
+## Basics
+
+1. [Simple](./simple)
+1. [Server banner and middleware](./banner)
+1. [Identifying Users](./identity)
+1. [Multiple authentication types](./multi-auth)
+
+## Making SSH apps
+
+1. [Using spf13/cobra](./cobra)
+1. [Serving Bubble Tea apps](./bubbletea)
+1. [Serving Bubble Tea programs](./bubbleteaprogram)
+1. [Reverse Port Forwarding](./forward)
+1. [Multichat](./multichat)
+
+## SCP, SFTP, and Git
+
+1. [Serving a Git repository](./git)
+1. [SCP and SFTP](./scp)
+
+## Pseudo Terminals
+
+1. [Allocate a PTY](./pty)
+1. [Running Bubble Tea, and executing another program on an allocated PTY](./wish-exec)

examples/pwd-banner/banner.txt examples/banner/banner.txtexamples/pwd-banner/banner.txt renamed to examples/banner/banner.txt

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
 	"syscall"
@@ -20,43 +21,45 @@ import (
 
 const (
 	host = "localhost"
-	port = 23234
+	port = "23234"
 )
 
 //go:embed banner.txt
 var banner string
 
 func main() {
 	s, err := wish.NewServer(
-		wish.WithAddress(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", host, port)),
-		wish.WithHostKeyPath(".ssh/term_info_ed25519"),
+		wish.WithAddress(net.JoinHostPort(host, port)),
+		wish.WithHostKeyPath(".ssh/id_ed25519"),
+		// A banner is always shown, even before authentication.
 		wish.WithBannerHandler(func(ctx ssh.Context) string {
 			return fmt.Sprintf(banner, ctx.User())
 		}),
 		wish.WithPasswordAuth(func(ctx ssh.Context, password string) bool {
 			return password == "asd123"
 		}),
 		wish.WithMiddleware(
-			func(h ssh.Handler) ssh.Handler {
-				return func(s ssh.Session) {
-					wish.Println(s, "Hello, world!")
-					h(s)
+			func(next ssh.Handler) ssh.Handler {
+				return func(sess ssh.Session) {
+					wish.Println(sess, fmt.Sprintf("Hello, %s!", sess.User()))
+					next(sess)
 				}
 			},
-			elapsed.Middleware(),
 			logging.Middleware(),
+			// This middleware prints the session duration before disconnecting.
+			elapsed.Middleware(),
 		),
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Error("could not start server", "error", err)
+		log.Error("Could not start server", "error", err)
 	}
 
 	done := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
 	signal.Notify(done, os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
 	log.Info("Starting SSH server", "host", host, "port", port)
 	go func() {
 		if err = s.ListenAndServe(); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, ssh.ErrServerClosed) {
-			log.Error("could not start server", "error", err)
+			log.Error("Could not start server", "error", err)
 			done <- nil
 		}
 	}()
@@ -66,6 +69,6 @@ func main() {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
 	defer func() { cancel() }()
 	if err := s.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, ssh.ErrServerClosed) {
-		log.Error("could not stop server", "error", err)
+		log.Error("Could not stop server", "error", err)
 	}
 }

examples/pwd-banner/main.go examples/banner/main.goexamples/pwd-banner/main.go renamed to examples/banner/main.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
 	"syscall"
@@ -17,34 +18,36 @@ import (
 	"github.com/charmbracelet/log"
 	"github.com/charmbracelet/ssh"
 	"github.com/charmbracelet/wish"
-	bm "github.com/charmbracelet/wish/bubbletea"
-	lm "github.com/charmbracelet/wish/logging"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/wish/activeterm"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/wish/bubbletea"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/wish/logging"
 )
 
 const (
 	host = "localhost"
-	port = 23234
+	port = "23234"
 )
 
 func main() {
 	s, err := wish.NewServer(
-		wish.WithAddress(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", host, port)),
-		wish.WithHostKeyPath(".ssh/term_info_ed25519"),
+		wish.WithAddress(net.JoinHostPort(host, port)),
+		wish.WithHostKeyPath(".ssh/id_ed25519"),
 		wish.WithMiddleware(
-			bm.Middleware(teaHandler),
-			lm.Middleware(),
+			bubbletea.Middleware(teaHandler),
+			activeterm.Middleware(), // Bubble Tea apps usually require a PTY.
+			logging.Middleware(),
 		),
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Error("could not start server", "error", err)
+		log.Error("Could not start server", "error", err)
 	}
 
 	done := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
 	signal.Notify(done, os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
 	log.Info("Starting SSH server", "host", host, "port", port)
 	go func() {
 		if err = s.ListenAndServe(); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, ssh.ErrServerClosed) {
-			log.Error("could not start server", "error", err)
+			log.Error("Could not start server", "error", err)
 			done <- nil
 		}
 	}()
@@ -54,7 +57,7 @@ func main() {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
 	defer func() { cancel() }()
 	if err := s.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, ssh.ErrServerClosed) {
-		log.Error("could not stop server", "error", err)
+		log.Error("Could not stop server", "error", err)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -63,18 +66,28 @@ func main() {
 // pass it to the new model. You can also return tea.ProgramOptions (such as
 // tea.WithAltScreen) on a session by session basis.
 func teaHandler(s ssh.Session) (tea.Model, []tea.ProgramOption) {
-	pty, _, active := s.Pty()
-	if !active {
-		wish.Fatalln(s, "no active terminal, skipping")
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-	renderer := bm.MakeRenderer(s)
+	// This should never fail, as we are using the activeterm middleware.
+	pty, _, _ := s.Pty()
+
+	// When running a Bubble Tea app over SSH, you shouldn't use the default
+	// lipgloss.NewStyle function.
+	// That function will use the color profile from the os.Stdin, which is the
+	// server, not the client.
+	// We provide a MakeRenderer function in the bubbletea middleware package,
+	// so you can easily get the correct renderer for the current session, and
+	// use it to create the styles.
+	// The recommended way to use these styles is to then pass them down to
+	// your Bubble Tea model.
+	renderer := bubbletea.MakeRenderer(s)
+	txtStyle := renderer.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("10"))
+	quitStyle := renderer.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("8"))
+
 	m := model{
 		term:      pty.Term,
 		width:     pty.Window.Width,
 		height:    pty.Window.Height,
-		txtStyle:  renderer.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("10")),
-		quitStyle: renderer.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("8")),
+		txtStyle:  txtStyle,
+		quitStyle: quitStyle,
 	}
 	return m, []tea.ProgramOption{tea.WithAltScreen()}
 }