installation.md

Installation

Quick start

Several options to start with a new Kubernetes cluster:

• Managed Kubernetes services (by Cloud Provider):
  • Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS)
  • Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)
  • Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)
• Kubernetes management tools:
  • Broadcom VMware Tanzu Kubernetes Grid (replaced Pivotal Container Service, aka PKS, with the acquisition of Pivotal of VMware)
  • IBM Red Hat OpenShift
  • SUSE Rancher
• Kubernetes distributions
• Kubernetes installation tools for Production-grade clusters:
  • kubeadm
  • kops
  • kubespray
• Test clusters
  • Kind (Kubernetes in Docker) (kubernetes-sigs/kind): fast and easy testing of clusters
    • Kubernetes Podcast #69 kind, with Ben Elder (September 3, 2019)
    • everyday-cheatsheets/kind
  • Minikube on all machines
  • MicroK8s from Canonical on Ubuntu
• Kubernetes on workstations
  • Docker Desktop on Windows and MacOS
  • Rancher Desktop
  • Podman Desktop

Cluster creation

General thought

• Picking the Right Solution
• Kubernetes The Hard Way by Kelsey Hightower

Deployment configurations

• Single-node
• Single head node, multiple workers
• Multiple head nodes with HA, multiple workers
• HA etcd, HA head nodes, multiple workers

Network

Networking is a central part of Kubernetes, but it can be challenging to understand exactly how it is expected to work. There are 4 distinct networking problems to address:

• Highly-coupled container-to-container communications
• Pod-to-Pod communications
• Pod-to-Service communications
• External-to-Service communications

Reference: Documentation > Concepts > Cluster Administration > Cluster Networking

A network must be defined to manage the cluster and avoid any IP conflict. Available plugins may implement Container Network Interface (CNI), a CNCF project.

Network plugins (pod networking)

Reference:

• Documentation > Concepts > Extending Kubernetes > Compute, Storage, and Networking Extensions > Network Plugins
• Documentation > Concepts > Cluster Administration > Installing Addons
• Virtual Extensible LAN (VXLAN)

Name	Network Model	Allow vxlan	Allow network policies	Can encrypt all TCP and UDP traffic
Calico	Level 3	Yes	Yes	Yes
Weave Net	Level 2	Yes		Yes
Flannel	Level 2	Yes
Kube Router	Level 3		Yes
Romana (code)	Level 3		Yes
Kopeio	Level 2	Yes		Yes

Tools

3 choices:

• kubeadm: boostrap quickly a cluster (appeared in v1.4, stabe & HA with V1.15)
• kops
• kubespray

Addons

Metrics

• Kubernetes Documentation > Tasks > Monitoring, Logging, and Debugging > Resource metrics pipeline
• Kubernetes Documentation > Tasks > Configure Pods and Containers > Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods
• kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server

Configuration management systems

See recipes with Ansible, Chef, Puppet, Terraform.

Hyperkube

As of July of 2020, Kyperkube seems deprecated. The image build has been removed from Kubernetes base images, see PR#88676.