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安装

windows

去python.org下载对应的安装包。注意：

  • python.org，不是com！！！
  • gitit，不要download，会被墙

最后，注意一点。python在windows下有相当多的兼容问题，例如编码（混帐windows）。

deb

aptitude install python

rpm

我也不知道，大概是yum install python。

mac

自带。

python shell

  • python
  • ipython
  • bpython
  • DreamPie

IDE

  • ulipad
  • pydev
  • emacs

program

hello, world

print 'hello, world'

varable

a = 1
b = '2'
c = a + b # BooBoo, error
c = str(a) + b
d = '12'
id(c) == id(d) # True

control

if a < b:
	do somethin
for i in range(10):
	print i
while True:
	died loop
with the_people_you_love():
	die

function

def mul(a, b):
	return a * b
def mulmul(*p):
	s = 1
	for i in p: s = mul(s, i)
	return s
def yamm(*p):
	return reduce(mul, p)

def f(a, b, c):
	return a + c
f(1, None, 2)
f(1, c=2, b=0)
def g(a, b=0, c=0):
	return a + c
f(1)
f(1, c=2)

class

class A(object):
	b = 1
	def __init__(self):
		self.c = 2
a = A()

注意a.b和a.c的区别。

yield

for i in fib(n): print i
 
def fib1(n):
	a, b, r = 1, 0, []
	for i in xrange(n):
		a, b = a+b, a
		r.appand(a)
	return r
 
def fib2(n):
	a, b = 1, 0
	for i in xrange(n):
		a, b = a+b, a
		yield a
 
def fib3(n):
	def inner(i, a, b):
		if i == n: return None, None
		return lambda : inner(i+1, a+b, a), a+b
	return inner(1, 1, 0)
 
l, a = fib3(10)
while l:
	print a
	l, a = l()

package management

pip

pip install virtualenv
pip install -r requirements.txt

virtualenv

virtualenv env

常用包

  • chardet
  • numpy
  • scipy
  • sympy
  • matplotlib
  • pygments
  • virtualenv
  • mako
  • sqlalchemy
  • gevent
  • Scapy
  • pyzmq
  • twisted
  • werkzeug
  • celery
  • beautifulsoap
  • lxml
  • pyqt
  • pyside
  • pygame
  • PIL

web deploy

nginx

location /static {
		 index  index.html index.htm;
		 gzip   on;
}
 
location ~ ^/(api|sys)/ {
		 include        uwsgi_params;
		 uwsgi_pass     unix:/run/uwsgi/app/app1/socket;
}

apache

<Location />
	SetHandler uwsgi-handler
    uWSGISocket 127.0.0.1:3031
</Location>

uwsgi

[uwsgi]
uid             = web
gid             = web
chmod-socket    = 666
 
plugins         = python
workers         = 1
reload-on-as    = 196
touch-reload    = /home/web/app1/RELEASE
chdir           = /home/web/app1
pythonpath      = /usr
module          = main

web.py

app = web.application(urls)
 
if web.config.get('sesssion') is None:
	web.config.session = web.session.Session(
		app, web.session.DBStore(web.config.db, 'sessions'))
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
	if len(sys.argv) > 1:
		cmd = sys.argv.pop(1)
		if cmd == 'profile':
			app.run(web.profiler)
		elif cmd == 'test':
			from test import tester
			tester.testall(app)
	else: app.run()
else: application = app.wsgifunc()

django

uwsgi --chdir=/path/to/your/project \
	--module=mysite.wsgi:application \
	--env DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=mysite.settings \
	--master --pidfile=/tmp/project-master.pid \
	--socket=127.0.0.1:49152 \      # can also be a file
	--processes=5 \                 # number of worker processes
	--uid=1000 --gid=2000 \         # if root, uwsgi can drop privileges
	--harakiri=20 \                 # respawn processes taking more than 20 seconds
	--limit-as=128 \                # limit the project to 128 MB
	--max-requests=5000 \           # respawn processes after serving 5000 requests
	--vacuum \                      # clear environment on exit
	--home=/path/to/virtual/env \   # optional path to a virtualenv
	--daemonize=/var/log/uwsgi/yourproject.log      # background the process

dispatcher

  • Quixote

  • django

    urlpatterns = patterns('', # Examples: # url(r'^$', '{{ project_name }}.views.home', name='home'), # url(r'^{{ project_name }}/', include('{{ project_name }}.foo.urls')),

      # Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
  # url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

  # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
  url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),

    )

  • web.py

    urls = ( '/openid/', 'actions.webgid.host', '/ticket/', 'actions.ticket.ticket', '/timezone/', 'actions.timezone.timezone', '/segment/', 'actions.segtxt.segtxt', '/txtimg', txtimg.app, '/pycode', pycode.app, )

  • bottle

    from bottle import route, run, template

    @route('/hello/:name') def index(name='World'): return template('Hello {{name}}!', name=name)

    run(host='localhost', port=8080)

  • flask

    from flask import Flask app = Flask(name)

    @app.route("/") def hello(): return "Hello World!"

    if name == "main": app.run()

ORM

ORM有用么？

template

  • mako

    <%inherit file="base.html"/> <% rows = [[v for v in range(0,10)] for row in range(0,10)] %>

    % for row in rows: ${makerow(row)} % endfor

    <%def name="makerow(row)"> % for name in row: ${name}
    % endfor </%def>

    from mako.template import Template print Template("hello ${data}!").render(data="world")

  • jinja2

{% raw %} {% extends "layout.html" %} {% block body %}

{% endblock %}

from jinja2 import Template
template = Template(...)
template.render(name='John Doe')

{% endraw %}

session