Add "The Math Behind Artificial Intelligence" to Books section

[tiagomonteiro0715]

Added mathematical foundations resource to the Books section:

• The Math Behind Artificial Intelligence by Tiago Monteiro (freeCodeCamp, 2026)
• Free book covering the mathematical foundations of deep learning: linear algebra, multivariable calculus, probability & statistics, and optimization theory
• Engineering-focused approach with visual explanations, real-world applications, and Python code examples
• Designed for learners with basic algebra background who want to understand the "why" behind deep learning algorithms

Position: Added as item 25, following chronological order after "Hands-On Machine Learning with Scikit-Learn, Keras, and TensorFlow" (2019).

[tiagomonteiro0715]

What does this PR do?

Adds a free educational book on the math behind AI

@ChristosChristofidis

Description

Adds "The Math Behind Artificial Intelligence" by Tiago Monteiro to the Math section of the supplementary readings.

This book provides a introduction to the mathematical foundations needed for AI and machine learning.

Covering linear algebra, calculus, probability, and optimization theory.

Why is this valuable?

• Bridging Core Math and Machine Learning: Connects the mathematical concepts taught in Core Math (calculus, linear algebra, probability) directly to their applications in the Machine Learning course in Core Applications
• Free and accessible: Hosted on freeCodeCamp.org with no registration, paywall, or account required

The book is already included in several repositories:

• EbookFoundation/free-programming-books — 382K stars
• awesome-machine-learning — 71.5K stars
• awesome-datascience — 28.2K stars
• awesome-nlp — 18.1K stars
• awesome-math — 13.3K stars
• Awesome-pytorch-list — 16.4K stars

Resource details

• Link: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-math-behind-artificial-intelligence-book
• Author: Tiago Monteiro
• Format: Free HTML book
• Topics covered: Linear algebra, calculus, probability, statistics, optimization