Home OS

A minimal, privacy-first x86 operating system written in Zig, powered by Ciko Kernel.

🎯 Project Vision

Home OS is a personal operating system running on the Ciko Kernel, designed for:

• Extreme Privacy: No telemetry, no tracking, built-in Tor-like routing
• Maximum Speed: Minimal overhead, direct hardware access
• High Stability: Solid foundation, well-tested components
• Learning: Understanding OS internals from scratch

✅ Current Status: v0.33.0 - Full Featured Desktop OS

Core Systems:

• ✅ Multiboot1 Bootloader - GRUB compatible
• ✅ Protected Mode - GDT, IDT, TSS fully configured
• ✅ Memory Management - Paging (4MB PSE), PMM, VMM, Heap (1MB)
• ✅ Interrupt System - PIC, PIT (100Hz), PS/2 Keyboard & Mouse
• ✅ Multitasking - Process management, task states, context switching
• ✅ User Mode - Ring 0 ↔ Ring 3 transitions, syscalls (INT 0x80)
• ✅ IPC - Pipes, message queues, shared memory, semaphores, mutexes

Storage & Filesystem:

• ✅ ATA/IDE Driver - PIO mode disk access
• ✅ FAT32 Filesystem - Full read/write support
• ✅ MBR Partition Table - Partition detection
• ✅ VFS - Virtual filesystem abstraction
• ✅ Ramdisk - In-memory filesystem (64KB)
• ✅ TAR Support - initrd archive loading

Networking Stack:

• ✅ RTL8139 NIC Driver - PCI detection, TX/RX
• ✅ Ethernet/IPv4/ICMP/UDP/TCP - Full protocol stack
• ✅ ARP/DHCP/DNS - Network configuration & resolution
• ✅ HTTP Client - HTTP/1.1 GET requests
• ✅ Firewall - Packet filtering with rules
• ✅ TLS 1.3 - Record layer, ClientHello with SNI
• ✅ Onion Routing - Tor-like anonymous networking
• ✅ SOCKS5 Proxy - Circuit-based routing

Graphics & GUI:

• ✅ VBE/VESA Graphics - Up to 1920x1080 resolution
• ✅ Double Buffering - Flicker-free rendering
• ✅ Window Manager - Draggable, resizable windows
• ✅ Desktop Environment - Icons, taskbar, start menu
• ✅ Theme Support - Dark/Light themes, wallpaper styles
• ✅ Clipboard - Copy/paste between apps
• ✅ Notifications - Toast messages
• ✅ Screensaver - Auto-activate after idle

Audio System:

• ✅ PC Speaker - Beeps, tones, melodies
• ✅ Sound Blaster 16 - DSP, DMA audio
• ✅ System Sounds - Click, window open/close, error

USB Support:

• ✅ PCI Bus Driver - Device enumeration
• ✅ UHCI Controller - USB 1.x support
• ✅ USB Core - Device descriptors

Cryptography:

• ✅ Hardware RNG - RDRAND detection
• ✅ SHA-256 - Full hash implementation
• ✅ Secure Memory - Volatile wiping
• ✅ Key Derivation - PBKDF2-like

🖥️ GUI Applications

App	Description
Terminal	Full shell with command history, tab completion, colored output
File Manager	Browse FAT32, copy/paste, delete, sort files
Notepad	Text editor with save/load, find, undo, word wrap
Calculator	Scientific calculator with memory functions
Settings	Display, network, audio, theme configuration
Task Manager	Processes, performance, memory, network tabs
Device Manager	Storage, network, display, audio, USB devices
System Info	CPU, RAM, disk, network information
Paint	Drawing app with brush, line, rect, circle, fill tools
Clock	Analog clock with stopwatch and alarm
Browser	Privacy browser with Tor integration, HTML rendering
Tetris	Classic game with levels and scoring
Snake	Classic game with speed levels and high score
Minesweeper	Classic puzzle game
Ping Tool	Visual ping with response graph
Hex Viewer	View files in hexadecimal
Color Picker	RGB color selection tool
Log Viewer	System logs with colored levels
Calendar	Date viewer

🏗️ Architecture

Memory Layout:

0x00000000 - 0x000FFFFF : Low memory (1MB)
0x00100000 - 0x001FFFFF : Kernel code/data
0x00200000 - 0x002FFFFF : Heap (1MB)
0x00300000+             : Available for processes

Interrupt Vector Table:

INT 0-31   : CPU Exceptions
INT 32-47  : Hardware IRQs (PIC remapped)
INT 0x80   : System calls

📁 Project Structure

HomeOS/
├── src/
│   ├── kernel.zig          # Main kernel entry
│   ├── arch/               # x86 architecture (GDT, IDT, ISR, PIC, TSS)
│   ├── mm/                 # Memory (paging, PMM, VMM, heap)
│   ├── drivers/            # Hardware (ATA, keyboard, mouse, VBE, audio, USB)
│   ├── fs/                 # Filesystem (VFS, FAT32, ramdisk)
│   ├── net/                # Network (Ethernet, TCP/IP, DNS, Tor)
│   ├── proc/               # Process (task, syscall, IPC)
│   ├── gui/                # GUI (desktop, window, apps/)
│   ├── shell/              # Shell commands
│   ├── crypto/             # Cryptography (RNG, SHA256)
│   ├── browser/            # HTML parser
│   └── lib/                # Libraries (VGA, ELF)
├── build.zig               # Build configuration
├── linker.ld               # Linker script
└── iso/boot/grub/grub.cfg  # GRUB config

🚀 Building & Running

Prerequisites:

• Zig 0.15.x
• QEMU (qemu-system-i386)
• GCC (for C++ compilation)

Build:

cd HomeOS
zig build

Run in QEMU:

# Basic run
qemu-system-i386 -kernel zig-out/bin/kernel.elf -m 512M -vga std

# Full features (network, disk, audio)
qemu-system-i386 -kernel zig-out/bin/kernel.elf -m 512M \
  -netdev user,id=net0 -device rtl8139,netdev=net0 \
  -hda disk.img -serial stdio -vga std \
  -audiodev dsound,id=audio0 -machine pcspk-audiodev=audio0

Build ISO:

# Windows (requires WSL with grub tools)
.\make_iso_simple.ps1

# Test ISO
qemu-system-i386 -cdrom HomeOS.iso -m 512M -vga std

💻 Shell Commands

File Operations:

Command	Description
ls	List RAM filesystem
cat <file>	Read file from RAM
touch <file>	Create empty file
rm <file>	Delete file
write <file> <text>	Write to file
lsfat	List FAT32 root
catfat <file>	Read FAT32 file
mkfat <file>	Create FAT32 file
writefat <file> <text>	Write to FAT32
rmfat <file>	Delete FAT32 file

System:

Command	Description
help	Show commands
clear	Clear screen
uptime	System uptime
mem	Memory info
disk	Disk info
ps	Process list
date / time	Current date/time
version / about	OS info
reboot / shutdown	Power control

Network:

Command	Description
net	Network status
ping <ip>	Ping address
arp	ARP cache
dhcp	DHCP status
nslookup <host>	DNS lookup
firewall	Firewall rules
security	Security status
macrandom	Randomize MAC
tor	Tor control
circuit	Circuit info

Other:

Command	Description
gui	Start desktop
crypto	Crypto status
beep / sound / play	Audio
usb / lspci	Hardware
ipc	IPC resources
run <prog> / programs	User programs

🔒 Privacy Features

• No Telemetry - Zero data collection
• Onion Routing - Built-in Tor-like anonymous networking
• MAC Randomization - Hardware tracking prevention
• Firewall - Packet filtering
• TLS 1.3 - Encrypted connections
• Secure Memory - Sensitive data wiping

⌨️ Keyboard Shortcuts

Desktop:

Key	Action
F1-F8	Quick launch apps
F9	Cycle wallpaper
F10	Cascade windows
F11	Tile windows
F12	Minimize all
Tab	Cycle windows
ESC	Close window

Window:

• Drag title bar to move
• Drag corner to resize
• Double-click title to maximize
• Snap to edges when dragging

📊 Technical Specifications

• Architecture: x86 (32-bit protected mode)
• Boot: Multiboot1 (GRUB compatible)
• Memory: 512 MB recommended
• Display: VBE graphics, up to 1920x1080
• Timer: PIT at 100 Hz
• Keyboard: PS/2, US layout
• Mouse: PS/2, 3-button
• Network: RTL8139 NIC
• Storage: ATA/IDE, FAT32
• Audio: PC Speaker, Sound Blaster 16

📄 License

This project is licensed under the MIT License.
Copyright © 2025 Romy Rianata.

🙏 Acknowledgments

• OSDev Wiki - OS development resource
• Intel Manuals - x86 reference
• Zig Language - Systems programming language

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Version: 0.33.0
Last Updated: March 20, 2026