[Bug]: App crash during initialization due to OneSignal SDK (UserDefaults & Migration process)

[overlineink]

What happened?

Our app crashes during the initialization process when integrating OneSignal into our iOS build.

It seems the crash is triggered during the OneSignal SDK’s attempt to initialize its user defaults and perform some form of migration (+[OSPrivacyConsentController migrateConsentGranted], +[OneSignalCoreImpl migrate], etc.).

Additional Notes:

• Stack trace paths reference local development paths (/Users/nanli/Documents/...) which don’t exist in our project

Steps to reproduce?

1. Install and configure OneSignal via Cocoapods;
2. Build and run the app on a physical iOS device (iPhone 8, iOS 16.7.11);
3. App crashes during startup, right after OneSignal is initialized;

What did you expect to happen?

The SDK should gracefully handle default/migration setup without causing the app to crash.

OneSignal iOS SDK version

Release 5.2.10

iOS version

16

Specific iOS version

* 16.2.7

Relevant log output

warning: (arm64) /Users/development/Downloads/AppySaudeMobile/ios/build/Debug-iphoneos/AppySaudedev.app/AppySaudedev empty dSYM file detected, dSYM was created with an executable with no debug info.
2025-04-30 11:55:07.565101+0100 AppySaudedev[23037:1698225] [User Defaults] Couldn't read values in CFPrefsPlistSource<0x280235f80> (Domain: group.ao.co.appy.saude.onesignal, User: kCFPreferencesAnyUser, ByHost: Yes, Container: (null), Contents Need Refresh: Yes): Using kCFPreferencesAnyUser with a container is only allowed for System Containers, detaching from cfprefsd
Can't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6aabcaa90> - stackNumber:9 - name:+[OneSignalUserDefaults initStandard]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/OneSignalCore/Source/OneSignalUserDefaults.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6b4a04980> - stackNumber:10 - name:+[OSPrivacyConsentController migrateConsentGranted]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/OneSignalCore/Source/OSPrivacyConsentController.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6b4a04980> - stackNumber:10 - name:+[OSPrivacyConsentController migrateConsentGranted]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/OneSignalCore/Source/OSPrivacyConsentController.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6c472b230> - stackNumber:11 - name:+[OneSignalCoreImpl migrate]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/OneSignalCore/Source/OneSignalCore.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6c472b230> - stackNumber:11 - name:+[OneSignalCoreImpl migrate]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/OneSignalCore/Source/OneSignalCore.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6c472b4f0> - stackNumber:12 - name:-[OSMigrationController migrate]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/Source/OSMigrationController.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6c472b4f0> - stackNumber:12 - name:-[OSMigrationController migrate]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/Source/OSMigrationController.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6b45febc0> - stackNumber:13 - name:+[UIApplication(OneSignal) load]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/Source/OneSignal.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6b45febc0> - stackNumber:13 - name:+[UIApplication(OneSignal) load]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/Source/OneSignal.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6c472b4f0> - stackNumber:12 - name:-[OSMigrationController migrate]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/Source/OSMigrationController.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6b45febc0> - stackNumber:13 - name:+[UIApplication(OneSignal) load]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/Source/OneSignal.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6b45febc0> - stackNumber:13 - name:+[UIApplication(OneSignal) load]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/Source/OneSignal.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6c46ffa20> - stackNumber:9 - name:+[OneSignalUserDefaults initStandard]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/OneSignalCore/Source/OneSignalUserDefaults.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6c46ffa20> - stackNumber:9 - name:+[OneSignalUserDefaults initStandard]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/OneSignalCore/Source/OneSignalUserDefaults.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6b49565a0> - stackNumber:9 - name:+[OneSignalUserDefaults initStandard]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/OneSignalCore/Source/OneSignalUserDefaults.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6b49565a0> - stackNumber:9 - name:+[OneSignalUserDefaults initStandard]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/OneSignalCore/Source/OneSignalUserDefaults.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6c4f88550> - stackNumber:9 - name:+[OneSignalUserDefaults initStandard]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/OneSignalCore/Source/OneSignalUserDefaults.mCan't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6c4f88550> - stackNumber:9 - name:+[OneSignalUserDefaults initStandard]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/OneSignalCore/Source/OneSignalUserDefaults.mMessage from debugger: killed

Code of Conduct

• I agree to follow this project's Code of Conduct

[nan-li]

Hi @overlineink how did you incorporate the SDK? Did you use Cocoapods or SPM? Can you include more information on how you did step 1: "Install and configure OneSignal"

[overlineink]

Hi @overlineink how did you incorporate the SDK? Did you use Cocoapods or SPM? Can you include more information on how you did step 1: "Install and configure OneSignal"

Hey @nan-li, im using Cocoapods. Issue updated!

[nan-li]

What do you have in your podfile for the SDK?

[overlineink]

target 'OneSignalNotificationServiceExtension' do
  pod 'OneSignalXCFramework', '>= 5.0.0', '< 6.0'
end

[nan-li]

@overlineink you only have OneSignal in your Notification Service Extension target? What about your main app target?

[james-propaganda3]

+1 to this issue.

@nan-li For more info I have an Expo + React Native project that uses 5.2.10 for the OneSignal iOS SDK version and 5.2.9 for the react-native-onesignal version.

Below is a stack trace of one of the crashes I had:

Exception Type:  EXC_BREAKPOINT (SIGTRAP)
Exception Codes: 0x0000000000000001, 0x000000018bf49a7c
Termination Reason: SIGNAL 5 Trace/BPT trap: 5
Terminating Process: exc handler [17125]

Triggered by Thread:  0


Thread 0 name:
Thread 0 Crashed:
0   libdispatch.dylib             	0x000000018bf49a7c __DISPATCH_WAIT_FOR_QUEUE__ + 484 (queue.c:1669)
1   libdispatch.dylib             	0x000000018bf495c0 _dispatch_sync_f_slow + 148 (queue.c:1799)
2   OneSignalUser                 	0x00000001067953ec OneSignalUserManagerImpl.start() + 240 (OneSignalUserManagerImpl.swift:201)
3   OneSignalUser                 	0x0000000106794960 OneSignalUserManagerImpl.user.getter + 120 (OneSignalUserManagerImpl.swift:134)
4   OneSignalUser                 	0x00000001067943d4 specialized OSSubscriptionModelStoreListener.getUpdateModelDelta(_:) + 64 (OSSubscriptionModelStoreListener.swift:69)
5   OneSignalOSCore               	0x0000000106737b88 OSModelStoreListener.onUpdated(_:) + 20 (OSModelStoreListener.swift:65)
6   OneSignalOSCore               	0x0000000106734a14 closure #1 in closure #1 in OSModelStore.onModelUpdated(args:hydrating:) + 44 (OSModelStore.swift:175)
7   OneSignalOSCore               	0x0000000106734a14 specialized OSEventProducer.fire(callback:) + 116 (OSEventProducer.swift:49)
8   OneSignalOSCore               	0x0000000106734a14 closure #1 in OSModelStore.onModelUpdated(args:hydrating:) + 392 (OSModelStore.swift:174)
9   OneSignalOSCore               	0x000000010673486c specialized NSLocking.withLock<A>(_:) + 36 (/<compiler-generated>:0)
10  OneSignalOSCore               	0x000000010673486c OSModelStore.onModelUpdated(args:hydrating:) + 76 (OSModelStore.swift:168)
11  OneSignalOSCore               	0x0000000106734a68 protocol witness for OSModelChangedHandler.onModelUpdated(args:hydrating:) in conformance OSModelStore<A> + 20 (/<compiler-generated>:0)
12  OneSignalOSCore               	0x00000001067354fc closure #1 in OSModel.set<A>(property:newValue:preventServerUpdate:) + 24 (OSModel.swift:59)
13  OneSignalOSCore               	0x00000001067354fc specialized OSEventProducer.fire(callback:) + 24 (OSEventProducer.swift:49)
14  OneSignalOSCore               	0x00000001067354fc OSModel.set<A>(property:newValue:preventServerUpdate:) + 412 (OSModel.swift:58)
15  OneSignalUser                 	0x00000001067c22d0 OSSubscriptionModel.deviceModel.setter + 180
16  OneSignalUser                 	0x00000001067c0504 OSSubscriptionModel.update() + 824 (OSSubscriptionModel.swift:430)
17  OneSignalUser                 	0x0000000106795f94 OSUserInternalImpl.update() + 28 (OSUserInternalImpl.swift:77)
18  OneSignalUser                 	0x0000000106795f94 protocol witness for OSUserInternal.update() in conformance OSUserInternalImpl + 32 (/<compiler-generated>:76)
19  OneSignalUser                 	0x0000000106795f94 closure #1 in OneSignalUserManagerImpl.start() + 2892 (OneSignalUserManagerImpl.swift:262)
20  OneSignalUser                 	0x00000001067960e4 thunk for @callee_guaranteed () -> () + 4 (/<compiler-generated>:0)
21  OneSignalUser                 	0x00000001067960e4 partial apply for thunk for @callee_guaranteed (@guaranteed String) -> () + 20
22  OneSignalUser                 	0x0000000106796104 thunk for @escaping @callee_guaranteed () -> () + 20 (/<compiler-generated>:0)
23  libdispatch.dylib             	0x000000018bf53584 _dispatch_client_callout + 16 (client_callout.mm:85)
24  libdispatch.dylib             	0x000000018bf49728 _dispatch_lane_barrier_sync_invoke_and_complete + 56 (queue.c:1104)
25  OneSignalUser                 	0x00000001067953ec OneSignalUserManagerImpl.start() + 240 (OneSignalUserManagerImpl.swift:201)
26  OneSignalUser                 	0x0000000106796140 @objc OneSignalUserManagerImpl.start() + 24 (/<compiler-generated>:0)
27  OneSignalFramework            	0x0000000106618e50 +[OneSignal startUserManager] + 40 (OneSignal.m:457)
28  OneSignalFramework            	0x00000001066191dc +[OneSignal init] + 592 (OneSignal.m:531)
29  APPNAME               	0x00000001046a65ac -[RCTOneSignal initOneSignal:] + 100 (RCTOneSignal.m:52)
30  APPNAME               	0x00000001046aa16c -[UIApplication(OneSignalReactNative) oneSignalApplication:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:] + 80 (UIApplication+RCTOnesignal.m:58)
31  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186c2fbe0 -[UIApplication _handleDelegateCallbacksWithOptions:isSuspended:restoreState:] + 320 (UIApplication.m:2582)
32  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186c2e354 -[UIApplication _callInitializationDelegatesWithActions:forCanvas:payload:fromOriginatingProcess:] + 2988 (UIApplication.m:3018)
33  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186c2cdd4 -[UIApplication _runWithMainScene:transitionContext:completion:] + 972 (UIApplication.m:4933)
34  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186c6ecc0 -[_UISceneLifecycleMultiplexer completeApplicationLaunchWithFBSScene:transitionContext:] + 132 (_UISceneLifecycleMultiplexer.m:452)
35  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186b80538 _UIScenePerformActionsWithLifecycleActionMask + 112 (_UISceneLifecycleState.m:109)
36  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186b82614 __101-[_UISceneLifecycleMultiplexer _evalTransitionToSettings:fromSettings:forceExit:withTransitionStore:]_block_invoke + 252 (_UISceneLifecycleMultiplexer.m:568)
37  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186b82308 -[_UISceneLifecycleMultiplexer _performBlock:withApplicationOfDeactivationReasons:fromReasons:] + 212 (_UISceneLifecycleMultiplexer.m:517)
38  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186b8101c -[_UISceneLifecycleMultiplexer _evalTransitionToSettings:fromSettings:forceExit:withTransitionStore:] + 608 (_UISceneLifecycleMultiplexer.m:567)
39  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186b80d3c -[_UISceneLifecycleMultiplexer uiScene:transitionedFromState:withTransitionContext:] + 244 (_UISceneLifecycleMultiplexer.m:470)
40  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186b808e8 __186-[_UIWindowSceneFBSSceneTransitionContextDrivenLifecycleSettingsDiffAction _performActionsForUIScene:withUpdatedFBSScene:settingsDiff:fromSettings:transitionContext:lifecycleActionType:]_block... + 148 (_UIWindowSceneFBSSceneTransitionContextDrivenLifecycleSettingsDiffAction.m:73)
41  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186a2bff4 +[BSAnimationSettings(UIKit) tryAnimatingWithSettings:fromCurrentState:actions:completion:] + 736 (BSAnimationSettings+UIKit.m:54)
42  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186a2b61c _UISceneSettingsDiffActionPerformChangesWithTransitionContextAndCompletion + 224 (_UISceneSettingsDiffAction.m:27)
43  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186ad5590 -[_UIWindowSceneFBSSceneTransitionContextDrivenLifecycleSettingsDiffAction _performActionsForUIScene:withUpdatedFBSScene:settingsDiff:fromSettings:transitionContext:lifecycleActionType:] + 316 (_UIWindowSceneFBSSceneTransitionContextDrivenLifecycleSettingsDiffAction.m:58)
44  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186ad531c __64-[UIScene scene:didUpdateWithDiff:transitionContext:completion:]_block_invoke.229 + 616 (UIScene.m:2112)
45  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186ad4c68 -[UIScene _emitSceneSettingsUpdateResponseForCompletion:afterSceneUpdateWork:] + 208 (UIScene.m:1771)
46  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186a80764 -[UIScene scene:didUpdateWithDiff:transitionContext:completion:] + 244 (UIScene.m:2071)
47  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186a8028c -[UIApplication workspace:didCreateScene:withTransitionContext:completion:] + 764 (UIApplication.m:4370)
48  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186a7ff24 -[UIApplicationSceneClientAgent scene:didInitializeWithEvent:completion:] + 288 (UIApplicationSceneClientAgent.m:47)
49  FrontBoardServices            	0x000000019e5c430c __95-[FBSScene _callOutQueue_didCreateWithTransitionContext:alternativeCreationCallout:completion:]_block_invoke + 288 (FBSScene.m:700)
50  FrontBoardServices            	0x000000019e5b02d8 -[FBSScene _callOutQueue_coalesceClientSettingsUpdates:] + 68 (FBSScene.m:763)
51  FrontBoardServices            	0x000000019e5ca8b8 -[FBSScene _callOutQueue_didCreateWithTransitionContext:alternativeCreationCallout:completion:] + 436 (FBSScene.m:687)
52  FrontBoardServices            	0x000000019e5c9f2c __93-[FBSWorkspaceScenesClient _callOutQueue_sendDidCreateForScene:transitionContext:completion:]_block_invoke.197 + 288 (FBSWorkspaceScenesClient.m:703)
53  FrontBoardServices            	0x000000019e5c9c58 -[FBSWorkspace _calloutQueue_executeCalloutFromSource:withBlock:] + 168 (FBSWorkspace.m:445)
54  FrontBoardServices            	0x000000019e5ca13c -[FBSWorkspaceScenesClient _callOutQueue_sendDidCreateForScene:transitionContext:completion:] + 472 (FBSWorkspaceScenesClient.m:700)
55  libdispatch.dylib             	0x000000018bf53584 _dispatch_client_callout + 16 (client_callout.mm:85)
56  libdispatch.dylib             	0x000000018bf3eab0 _dispatch_block_invoke_direct + 284 (queue.c:515)
57  FrontBoardServices            	0x000000019e5c6658 __FBSSERIALQUEUE_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_BLOCK__ + 52 (FBSSerialQueue.m:285)
58  FrontBoardServices            	0x000000019e5c65d8 -[FBSMainRunLoopSerialQueue _targetQueue_performNextIfPossible] + 240 (FBSSerialQueue.m:309)
59  FrontBoardServices            	0x000000019e5c64b0 -[FBSMainRunLoopSerialQueue _performNextFromRunLoopSource] + 28 (FBSSerialQueue.m:322)
60  CoreFoundation                	0x000000018402dce4 __CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_SOURCE0_PERFORM_FUNCTION__ + 28 (CFRunLoop.c:1970)
61  CoreFoundation                	0x000000018402dc78 __CFRunLoopDoSource0 + 172 (CFRunLoop.c:2014)
62  CoreFoundation                	0x000000018402ca60 __CFRunLoopDoSources0 + 332 (CFRunLoop.c:2059)
63  CoreFoundation                	0x000000018402bc3c __CFRunLoopRun + 840 (CFRunLoop.c:2969)
64  CoreFoundation                	0x0000000184050700 CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 572 (CFRunLoop.c:3434)
65  GraphicsServices              	0x00000001d0b91190 GSEventRunModal + 168 (GSEvent.c:2196)
66  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186c6e240 -[UIApplication _run] + 816 (:-1)
67  UIKitCore                     	0x0000000186c6c470 UIApplicationMain + 336 (:-1)
68  APPNAME               	0x00000001040844b0 main + 80 (main.m:7)
69  dyld                          	0x00000001aaa53ad8 start + 5964 (dyldMain.cpp:1443)

As a temporary fix, downgrading to 5.2.9 did the job. (5.2.8 for react-native-onesignal)

[nan-li]

@james-propaganda3 Your stacktrace looks like it is actually using React Native Release 5.2.10 which we retracted from package managers. You should be able to use Release 5.2.11. Let me know if that works.

[overlineink]

Hi @nan-li, we've found that the issue is related to the device language being set to Portuguese. The app works correctly in other languages, even after the recent upgrade. To resolve this, we've updated the CFBundleDevelopmentRegion in our Info.plist to en only.

[nan-li]

@overlineink Really? I'm surprised, the errors saying the following are related to device language? They look unrelated.

Can't show file for stack frame : <DBGLLDBStackFrame: 0x7fe6c4f88550> - stackNumber:9 - name:+[OneSignalUserDefaults initStandard]. The file path does not exist on the file system: /Users/nanli/Documents/GitHub/OneSignal-iOS-SDK/iOS_SDK/OneSignalSDK/OneSignalCore/Source/OneSignalUserDefaults.m

[coderof19clc7]

I'm encountering this issue after updating to Expo 53 and React Native 0.79.6, I'm using react-native-onesignal version 5.2.14. My CFBundleDevelopmentRegion only contains en but the issue still occurs