cdk: missing ca-west-1 region in aws-entities causes cdk vended custom resources to fail deployment

[dreamorosi]

Describe the bug

From 2.146.0 onwards, cdk vended custom resources are now region aware - this change seems to have been introduced in #30108.

To my understanding this means that when deploying a cdk vended custom resource, the LATEST_NODE_RUNTIME_MAP is used to lookup the Node.js version to use in the underlying Lambda function.

This in turn appears to look up the regions in the AWS_REGIONS_AND_RULES map in the packages/aws-cdk-lib/region-info/lib/aws-entities.ts file - which is missing an AWS region (ca-west-1).

Expected Behavior

I should be able to deploy a CDK stack that uses cdk-vended custom resources in this region.

Current Behavior

When deploying in ca-west-1, the stack fails due to the missing region in the Mapping node of the generated CloudFormation stack:

❌ Deployment failed: Error [ValidationError]: Template error: Unable to get mapping for LatestNodeRuntimeMap::ca-west-1::value

Reproduction Steps

1. Initialize a new CDK app with npx aws-cdk@latest init app --language typescript
2. Open lib/test-stack.ts
3. Paste code below

import * as cdk from 'aws-cdk-lib';
import { Construct } from 'constructs';
import { Code, Function as LambdaFunction, Runtime } from 'aws-cdk-lib/aws-lambda';

export class TestRegionIssueStack extends cdk.Stack {
  constructor(scope: Construct, id: string, props?: cdk.StackProps) {
    super(scope, id, props);

    new LambdaFunction(this, 'TestFunction', {
      runtime: Runtime.NODEJS_20_X,
      handler: 'index.handler',
      code: Code.fromInline('exports.handler = async () => "Hello, world!";'),
      logRetention: 7, // this adds a cdk vended custom resource
    });
  }
}

This will generate a cdk vended custom resource because of the logRetention prop.

4. Run npm run cdk synth to generate the CloudFormation stack file
5. Open the cdk.out/TestStack.template.json and find the Mappings.LatestNodeRuntimeMap
6. Observe that the ca-west-1 region is missing from the mapping
7. Set region to ca-west-1 via export AWS_REGION=ca-west-1
8. Observe error during CloudFormation changeset creation

 ❌  TestStack failed: Error [ValidationError]: Template error: Unable to get mapping for LatestNodeRuntimeMap::ca-west-1::value

Possible Solution

No response

Additional Information/Context

My team Powertools for AWS Lambda deploys Lambda layers in all regions, including the missing one.

We discovered the issue in our canaries which were now failing to deploy in ca-west-1. Downgrading to 2.145.0 fixed the issue.

CDK CLI Version

2.146.0

Framework Version

No response

Node.js Version

20.x

OS

Linux, Mac

Language

TypeScript

Language Version

No response

Other information

No response

[ashishdhingra]

Findings:

• Reproducible in CDK CLI/Lib version 2.147.1 (build d3695d4). If we use the default CDK app settings without env property while creating stack,
  • It creates cdk.out/<<StackName>>.template.json with Mappings::LatestNodeRuntimeMap node with missing entry for ca-west-1 region.
  • During stack deployment, it fails during changeset creation with the below error:

    ❌  Issue30694Stack failed: Error [ValidationError]: Template error: Unable to get mapping for LatestNodeRuntimeMap::ca-west-1::value
      at Request.extractError (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:46723)
      at Request.callListeners (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:91777)
      at Request.emit (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:91225)
      at Request.emit (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:199828)
      at Request.transition (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:193380)
      at AcceptorStateMachine.runTo (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:158252)
      at /Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:158582
      at Request.<anonymous> (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:193672)
      at Request.<anonymous> (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:199903)
      at Request.callListeners (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:91945) {
    code: 'ValidationError',
    time: 2024-06-27T20:29:50.742Z,
    requestId: '739abc90-9dc3-4d69-8435-61e8b5bb243a',
    statusCode: 400,
    retryable: false,
    retryDelay: 144.327793178868
  }
  
   ❌ Deployment failed: Error [ValidationError]: Template error: Unable to get mapping for LatestNodeRuntimeMap::ca-west-1::value
      at Request.extractError (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:46723)
      at Request.callListeners (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:91777)
      at Request.emit (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:91225)
      at Request.emit (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:199828)
      at Request.transition (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:193380)
      at AcceptorStateMachine.runTo (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:158252)
      at /Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:158582
      at Request.<anonymous> (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:193672)
      at Request.<anonymous> (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:199903)
      at Request.callListeners (/Users/ashdhin/dev/repros/cdk/issue30694/node_modules/aws-cdk/lib/index.js:401:91945) {
    code: 'ValidationError',
    time: 2024-06-27T20:29:50.742Z,
    requestId: '739abc90-9dc3-4d69-8435-61e8b5bb243a',
    statusCode: 400,
    retryable: false,
    retryDelay: 144.327793178868
  }
  
  Template error: Unable to get mapping for LatestNodeRuntimeMap::ca-west-1::value
  

• If we explicitly specify env property during CDK stack creation in CDK app, it does not create Mappings::LatestNodeRuntimeMap node in cdk.out/<<StackName>>.template.json and deployment succeeds.