Fix: Add @requires.catalogs decorator to test command

[rrittsteiger]

The test command was missing the @requires.catalogs decorator, causing it to fail when models use custom catalog integrations defined in catalogs.yml. This adds the decorator to match other commands like run, build, parse, compile, seed, and snapshot.
Fixes custom catalog integration support for dbt test command.

Resolves #12662

Problem

At the moment 'dbt test' is not parsing catalogs.yml. This leads to the following error running it:

> dbt test
07:00:45  Running with dbt=1.11.7
07:00:46  Registered adapter: snowflake=1.11.3
07:00:46  Unable to do partial parsing because saved manifest not found. Starting full parse.
07:00:47  Encountered an error:
Runtime Error
  Catalog not found.Received: GLUE_CATALOG_INTEGRATIONExpected one of: INFO_SCHEMA, SNOWFLAKE?

Solution

Added @requires.catalogs decorator to the test function in core/dbt/cli/main.py.

With this fix tests will run properly.

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me.
• I have run this code in development, and it appears to resolve the stated issue.
• This PR includes tests, or tests are not required or relevant for this PR.
• This PR has no interface changes (e.g., macros, CLI, logs, JSON artifacts, config files, adapter interface, etc.) or this PR has already received feedback and approval from Product or DX.
• This PR includes type annotations for new and modified functions.

Resolves #12662

[dbeatty10]

@rrittsteiger Congrats on opening YOUR FIRST PR ! 🤩

Nice job figure out the root cause and determining a precision solution 🧠

Here's what I've done:

• Added Resolves https://github.com/dbt-labs/dbt-core/issues/12662 to the PR description (so that the bug report will auto-close upon merge) I see now that you already had Resolves https://github.com/dbt-labs/dbt-core/issues/12662 to the bottom (not a requirement, but we put this at the very top by convention)

Here's what you should do next:

• Fill out the ### Problem and ### Solution sections in the PR description (you can use #11162, #12002, and #12388 as inspiration)

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 91.39%. Comparing base (befdd4e) to head (984a62c).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #12663      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   91.35%   91.39%   +0.04%     
==========================================
  Files         203      203              
  Lines       25683    25684       +1     
==========================================
+ Hits        23462    23474      +12     
+ Misses       2221     2210      -11     

Flag	Coverage Δ
integration	88.23% <100.00%> (+0.10%)	⬆️
unit	65.37% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Components	Coverage Δ
Unit Tests	65.37% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
Integration Tests	88.23% <100.00%> (+0.10%)	⬆️

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