Upgraded to Laravel 12

[marcusmoore]

This PR upgrades the application framework to Laravel 12.

Luckily the changes outlined in the changelog mostly don't effect us.

From what I can tell the only thing that potentially requires code changes is the use of Schema::getTables() in the PaveIt command but I think it's ok since it's really a dev tool.

The following direct dependencies have a major version upgrade:

• Our scim fork is using a new branch for v12 (thanks to @uberbrady)
• laravel-backup has been upgraded to v9
• phpunit has been upgraded to v11
• Larastan to v3 (I did this one blind because I don't think we're actually using it)
• That filter_var in the backup settings is there so docker can successfully build. Without it the package:discover command that runs when installing fails a validation check that the backup package does.

Thanks to @uberbrady for working through a lot of the small code changes in #18726.

Note: in SnipeTranslatorTest: we had to change to pt_BR and I'm not sure that is indicating an issue we need to dig into.

[marcusmoore]

I'll fix the docker builds in a bit.

[marcusmoore]

Ok...this is good to go but please check my note on pt_BR before merging.

[marcusmoore]

Conflicts resolved 👍🏾