[di-logs] Expose logging implementation as public

[CodeBlanch]

Relates to #4433

Changes

• Exposes the logging implementation in OpenTelemetry.Api.ProviderBuilderExtensions and removes the added InternalsVisibleTos

Merge requirement checklist

• CONTRIBUTING guidelines followed (nullable enabled, static analysis, etc.)
• Appropriate CHANGELOG.md files updated for non-trivial changes
• Changes in public API reviewed (if applicable)

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #4558 (de399a4) into main (9e8c704) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is n/a.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #4558   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   85.18%   85.19%           
=======================================
  Files         320      320           
  Lines       12677    12677           
=======================================
+ Hits        10799    10800    +1     
+ Misses       1878     1877    -1     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
...endencyInjectionLoggerProviderBuilderExtensions.cs	100.00% <ø> (ø)
...encyInjectionLoggingServiceCollectionExtensions.cs	100.00% <ø> (ø)

... and 3 files with indirect coverage changes