feat(instrumentation-runtime-node): emit logs for uncaught exceptions

[iblancasa]

Which problem is this PR solving?

Fixes #3376

• Introduces a way to capture unhandled exceptions. Those are captured as logs.
• The logs contain the attributes defined by semantic conventions for exceptions https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/semconv/exceptions/exceptions-logs/

[trentm]

Thanks for the PR. I have some reservations about unhandledRejection in comments below.

I haven't reviewed the particular log record details yet. Please take a look at #6385 merged just recently (after you created this PR). The Logs SDK spec now includes a mechanism for including an exception. I think this wiould be an obvious candidate to use that.

[iblancasa]

I haven't reviewed the particular log record details yet. Please take a look at #6385 merged just recently (after you created this PR). The Logs SDK spec now includes a mechanism for including an exception. I think this wiould be an obvious candidate to use that.

Yes. I implemented that PR. I guess I have to wait for a new release, right? Maybe we can start working on this one in the meantime. Even create a follow up PR to migrate to that mechanism if we are able to make this one happen before.