[ci] Enable Linux Android integration tests with workload and KVM support by Copilot · Pull Request #34046 · dotnet/maui

Copilot · 2026-02-13T16:44:31Z

The mac_runandroid_tests stage was moved to Linux pools but failed due to two issues: workload installation attempted to install the full maui workload (which includes iOS/macOS dependencies unavailable on Linux), and KVM was not enabled for Android emulator support.

Changes:

Modified src/DotNet/DotNet.csproj Install target to conditionally install maui-android on Linux, maui on other platforms
- Aligns with existing pattern in _InstallWorkloadPacks target where iOS/macOS workloads are excluded on Linux
Added KVM enablement step to eng/pipelines/arcade/setup-test-env.yml for Android integration tests on Linux
- Creates udev rules to allow KVM access for Android emulators
- Matches pattern used in device-tests-steps.yml and ui-tests-steps.yml

<ItemGroup>
  <!-- On Linux, install maui-android instead of maui to avoid iOS/macOS dependencies -->
  <_LocalWorkloadIds Include="maui-android" Condition="$([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('linux'))" />
  <_LocalWorkloadIds Include="maui" Condition="!$([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('linux'))" />
</ItemGroup>

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On Linux, we should install the maui-android workload instead of the full maui workload to avoid iOS/macOS dependencies that cannot be installed on Linux. This matches the pattern used in _InstallWorkloadPacks target where iOS/macOS workloads are excluded on Linux. Co-authored-by: rmarinho <1235097+rmarinho@users.noreply.github.com>

rmarinho · 2026-02-13T17:25:23Z

/azp run maui-pr

azure-pipelines · 2026-02-13T17:25:30Z

Azure Pipelines could not run because the pipeline triggers exclude this branch/path.

rmarinho · 2026-02-13T19:11:29Z

@copilot can you also check seems we need to enable KVM , we have a script for that somewhere

Android emulators require KVM to be enabled on Linux hosts. This adds the KVM enablement step to the setup-test-env.yml template, which is used by the integration tests stage. The script creates udev rules to allow KVM access and reloads the udev rules. This matches the pattern used in device-tests-steps.yml and ui-tests-steps.yml. Co-authored-by: rmarinho <1235097+rmarinho@users.noreply.github.com>

Copilot · 2026-02-13T19:20:07Z

@copilot can you also check seems we need to enable KVM , we have a script for that somewhere

I've enabled KVM for Android integration tests on Linux by adding the KVM enablement step to setup-test-env.yml. This matches the pattern used in device-tests-steps.yml and ui-tests-steps.yml.

The script creates udev rules to allow KVM access and is conditionally executed only on Linux agents.

Commit: ba58555

rmarinho · 2026-02-18T00:49:51Z

🤖 AI Summary

📊 Expand Full Review

🔍 Pre-Flight — Context & Validation

📝 Review Session — Enable KVM for Android integration tests on Linux · ba58555

PR: #34046 - [ci] Enable Linux Android integration tests with workload and KVM support
Parent Issue: #33997 - [ci] Run android on MAUI-Dnceng
Platforms Affected: CI infrastructure (Linux agents for Android integration tests)
Files Changed: 2 files (1 pipeline YAML, 1 MSBuild project)

Issue Summary

PR #33997 moved the mac_runandroid_tests stage from macOS pools to Linux pools (MAUI-DNCENG / 1ESPT-Ubuntu22.04). This failed due to two issues:

The Install target in DotNet.csproj installed the full maui workload (which includes iOS/macOS dependencies unavailable on Linux)
KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) was not enabled on Linux, which is required for Android emulators

Key Findings

Workload issue: The Install target unconditionally installed maui workload. On Linux, this fails because it tries to install iOS/macOS dependencies. The fix conditionally installs maui-android on Linux and maui on other platforms.
KVM issue: Android emulators need KVM for hardware acceleration on Linux. This is already done in device-tests-steps.yml and ui-tests-steps.yml. The fix adds the same KVM enablement step to setup-test-env.yml (used by integration tests) with a Linux-only condition.
The fix aligns with the existing pattern in _InstallWorkloadPacks target which already excludes iOS/macOS workloads on Linux (lines 186-188, 245, 261, 277, 293 of DotNet.csproj).

PR Discussion Summary

Commenter	Comment	Action Taken
rmarinho	Initial PR #33997 failure: "Can't install maui on linux"	Spawned PR #34046 (Copilot)
rmarinho	"@copilot can you also check seems we need to enable KVM"	Copilot added KVM step in commit `ba58555`

No disagreements. rmarinho requested KVM enablement, which was added.

Files Changed

eng/pipelines/arcade/setup-test-env.yml (+10): Added KVM enablement step for Linux Android tests
src/DotNet/DotNet.csproj (+2, -1): Conditional workload installation (maui-android on Linux, maui elsewhere)

Fix Candidates

#	Source	Approach	Test Result	Files Changed	Notes
PR	PR #34046	Conditional `maui-android` workload on Linux + KVM enablement step	⏳ PENDING (Gate)	`DotNet.csproj` (+2), `setup-test-env.yml` (+10)	CI-only change, no functional code tests

Important Notes

This is a CI infrastructure-only change — no functional code, no UI tests, no integration test cases to run locally
The Gate phase will need to assess differently since there are no tests to verify fail/pass behavior
The fix follows established patterns in the codebase

🚦 Gate — Test Verification

📝 Review Session — Enable KVM for Android integration tests on Linux · ba58555

Result: ⏳ SKIPPED (CI Infrastructure Change)
Platform: N/A
Mode: N/A

Reason for Skip

This PR is a CI infrastructure-only change. It modifies:

eng/pipelines/arcade/setup-test-env.yml — Azure DevOps pipeline YAML
src/DotNet/DotNet.csproj — MSBuild workload installation target

There are no functional code changes and no UI/integration tests associated with this PR. The changes can only be verified by running the actual CI pipeline on Linux Azure DevOps agents, which is not possible locally.

Verification Notes

No test files exist matching this PR (*34046*, *33997*)
The fix is a CI pipeline/build system change that cannot be reproduced locally
Gate verification (fail-without-fix / pass-with-fix) is not applicable to CI infrastructure PRs
The correctness of the changes was assessed via code review only

Gate Result

Gate: ⚠️ SKIPPED — CI infrastructure change, no testable code paths locally

🔧 Fix — Analysis & Comparison

📝 Review Session — Enable KVM for Android integration tests on Linux · ba58555

Fix Candidates

Phase 3 (try-fix) SKIPPED — This is a CI infrastructure change with no functional code tests.

The PR modifies Azure DevOps pipeline YAML and MSBuild targets. There are no unit tests, UI tests, or integration tests that can be run locally to verify fail-without-fix / pass-with-fix behavior. The correctness can only be validated by running the actual CI pipeline on Linux agents.

#	Source	Approach	Test Result	Files Changed	Notes
PR	PR #34046	Conditional `maui-android` workload on Linux + KVM enablement step	⚠️ UNTESTABLE LOCALLY	`DotNet.csproj` (+2), `setup-test-env.yml` (+10)	CI infrastructure only

Exhausted: N/A (CI infrastructure change - try-fix not applicable)
Selected Fix: PR's fix — The approach is correct, follows established patterns in the codebase, and directly addresses both failure modes identified in issue #33997.

📋 Report — Final Recommendation

📝 Review Session — Enable KVM for Android integration tests on Linux · ba58555

✅ Final Recommendation: APPROVE

Summary

PR #34046 fixes two CI infrastructure issues that prevented Android integration tests from running on Linux agents (introduced by PR #33997 which moved the mac_runandroid_tests stage to Linux pools):

Workload installation failure: On Linux, the Install target was trying to install the full maui workload (which includes iOS/macOS dependencies). Fixed by conditionally installing maui-android on Linux and maui on other platforms.
Missing KVM support: Android emulators need KVM for hardware acceleration on Linux. The KVM enablement step was already present in device-tests-steps.yml and ui-tests-steps.yml, but was missing from setup-test-env.yml (used by integration tests). Added it with the same pattern.

Root Cause

The CI migration from macOS to Linux pools (PR #33997) didn't account for two Linux-specific requirements:

The maui workload includes iOS/macOS workloads that cannot be installed on Linux
Linux Android emulators require explicit KVM permission setup via udev rules

Code Review

src/DotNet/DotNet.csproj ✅

Conditional uses $([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('linux')) — the same API used elsewhere in this file (lines 186-189, 245, 261, 277, 293) for identical iOS/macOS exclusions
Comment clearly explains the reason
Pattern is consistent with the existing _InstallWorkloadPacks target approach
No concerns

eng/pipelines/arcade/setup-test-env.yml ✅

KVM step matches the exact same script used in device-tests-steps.yml and ui-tests-steps.yml
Uses runtime condition and(succeeded(), eq(variables['Agent.OS'], 'Linux')) rather than a template-time ${{ if }} guard — this is acceptable; it means the step appears in all job definitions but is a no-op on non-Linux agents
In the other files, the step uses ${{ if eq(parameters.platform, 'android') }} at template-time. That conditional isn't available in setup-test-env.yml (no platform parameter), but the runtime Linux condition is sufficient since the step is safe to run on Linux regardless
No concerns

Minor Observation (Non-blocking)

The mac_runandroid_tests stage in ci.yml (from PR #33997) has both branches of an ${{ if }} pointing to AndroidPoolLinux:

${{ if eq(variables['Build.DefinitionName'], 'maui-pr') }}:
  pool: ${{ parameters.AndroidPoolLinux }}
${{ else }}:  
  pool: ${{ parameters.AndroidPoolLinux }}

This is redundant but harmless. It could be simplified to just pool: ${{ parameters.AndroidPoolLinux }}, but this is from the parent PR #33997 and not in scope for PR #34046.

Fix Quality

The fix is minimal, correct, and follows established patterns. Both changes have clear precedent in the codebase. No alternative approaches were explored (not applicable for CI infrastructure changes).

PR Title Accuracy: ✅ Accurate — "Enable Linux Android integration tests with workload and KVM support" correctly describes both changes.

PR Description Accuracy: ✅ Accurate — Correctly explains the problem and solution, references the existing patterns.

📋 Expand PR Finalization Review

Title: ✅ Good

Current: [ci] Enable Linux Android integration tests with workload and KVM support

Description: ✅ Good

Description needs updates. See details below.

✨ Suggested PR Description

[!NOTE]
Are you waiting for the changes in this PR to be merged?
It would be very helpful if you could test the resulting artifacts from this PR and let us know in a comment if this change resolves your issue. Thank you!

The mac_runandroid_tests stage was moved to Linux pools but failed due to two issues: workload installation attempted to install the full maui workload (which includes iOS/macOS dependencies unavailable on Linux), and KVM was not enabled for Android emulator support.

Changes:

Modified src/DotNet/DotNet.csproj Install target to conditionally install maui-android on Linux, maui on other platforms
- Aligns with existing pattern in _InstallWorkloadPacks target where iOS/macOS workloads are excluded on Linux
Added KVM enablement step to eng/pipelines/arcade/setup-test-env.yml for Android integration tests on Linux
- Creates udev rules to allow KVM access for Android emulators
- Matches pattern used in device-tests-steps.yml and ui-tests-steps.yml

<_LocalWorkloadIds Include="maui-android" Condition="$([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('linux'))" />
<_LocalWorkloadIds Include="maui" Condition="!$([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('linux'))" />

Issues Fixed

Fixes #33997

Code Review: ✅ Passed

Code Review — PR #34046

✅ No Critical Issues

The implementation is minimal, correct, and follows established patterns in the codebase.

File: `src/DotNet/DotNet.csproj`

✅ Conditional workload installation

<!-- On Linux, install maui-android instead of maui to avoid iOS/macOS dependencies -->
<_LocalWorkloadIds Include="maui-android" Condition="$([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('linux'))" />
<_LocalWorkloadIds Include="maui" Condition="!$([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('linux'))" />

Pattern consistency: ✅ Uses the exact same $([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('linux')) API already used at lines 186–189, 245, 261, 277, 293 of this file for identical iOS/macOS exclusions in _InstallWorkloadPacks.
Comment: ✅ Clear and explains the "why."
Correctness: ✅ maui-android is the correct workload ID for Linux-only Android support.

File: `eng/pipelines/arcade/setup-test-env.yml`

✅ KVM enablement step

- bash: |
    echo 'KERNEL=="kvm", GROUP="kvm", MODE="0666", OPTIONS+="static_node=kvm"' | sudo tee /etc/udev/rules.d/99-kvm4all.rules
    sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
    sudo udevadm trigger --name-match=kvm
  displayName: Enable KVM
  condition: and(succeeded(), eq(variables['Agent.OS'], 'Linux'))

Pattern consistency: ✅ Identical script to device-tests-steps.yml and ui-tests-steps.yml. Verified in codebase.
Condition style: ℹ️ Uses runtime condition eq(variables['Agent.OS'], 'Linux') rather than template-time ${{ if eq(parameters.platform, 'android') }} used in the other files. This is acceptable because:
- setup-test-env.yml has no platform parameter to guard on at template-time
- The runtime Linux condition is sufficient — the step is a no-op if not on Linux and is safe to run on any Linux agent
- The step appears in the job definition for all agents but is skipped at runtime on non-Linux agents (minor cost)
No security concerns: The udev rules grant group-based KVM access, which is standard practice for Android emulator CI setups.

🟡 Minor Observations (Non-blocking)

Condition style difference (noted above): Runtime vs. template-time Linux condition. Functionally correct but slightly less efficient than a template-time guard. Acceptable for this use case.
maui-android workload completeness: Ensure maui-android includes everything needed for the integration tests being run. This appears to be correct based on existing patterns in _InstallWorkloadPacks, but can only be fully validated by running the actual CI pipeline on Linux.

✅ Looks Good

Minimal change, targeted fix
Both changes have direct precedent in the codebase
Follows the established Linux exclusion pattern throughout DotNet.csproj
KVM script is byte-for-byte identical to the working script in other pipeline files
No functional code changes — CI infrastructure only

rmarinho · 2026-02-19T11:35:24Z

@copilot Also when "Install dotnet preview workloads from PackageArtifacts" we need to make sure if we are on linux to only install maui-android workload

rmarinho · 2026-02-20T14:52:20Z

@copilot Also when "Install dotnet preview workloads from PackageArtifacts" we need to make sure if we are on linux to only install maui-android workload

Copilot · 2026-02-20T14:58:49Z

@copilot Also when "Install dotnet preview workloads from PackageArtifacts" we need to make sure if we are on linux to only install maui-android workload

This change was already implemented in commit 1c9bc98. The Install target in DotNet.csproj (which is called during "Install dotnet preview workloads from PackageArtifacts") now conditionally installs maui-android on Linux and maui on other platforms.

The logic uses Condition="$([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('linux'))" to detect the platform and select the appropriate workload.

@copilot Also when "Install dotnet preview workloads from PackageArtifacts" we need to make sure if we are on linux to only install maui-android workload

This change was already implemented in commit 1c9bc98. The Install target in DotNet.csproj (which is called during "Install dotnet preview workloads from PackageArtifacts") now conditionally installs maui-android on Linux and maui on other platforms.

The logic uses Condition="$([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('linux'))" to detect the platform and select the appropriate workload.

On Linux, only the maui-android workload is installed. Previous .NET templates (e.g., net9.0) may not have the Linux OS condition to exclude iOS/macOS target frameworks from the csproj. This causes NETSDK1178 errors during restore because the iOS workload packs are not available. After template creation, strip non-Android TFMs from the generated csproj when running on Linux so builds succeed. Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

…port (#34046) The `mac_runandroid_tests` stage was moved to Linux pools but failed due to two issues: workload installation attempted to install the full `maui` workload (which includes iOS/macOS dependencies unavailable on Linux), and KVM was not enabled for Android emulator support. **Changes:** - Modified `src/DotNet/DotNet.csproj` `Install` target to conditionally install `maui-android` on Linux, `maui` on other platforms - Aligns with existing pattern in `_InstallWorkloadPacks` target where iOS/macOS workloads are excluded on Linux - Added KVM enablement step to `eng/pipelines/arcade/setup-test-env.yml` for Android integration tests on Linux - Creates udev rules to allow KVM access for Android emulators - Matches pattern used in `device-tests-steps.yml` and `ui-tests-steps.yml` ```xml <ItemGroup>  <_LocalWorkloadIds Include="maui-android" Condition="$([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('linux'))" /> <_LocalWorkloadIds Include="maui" Condition="!$([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('linux'))" /> </ItemGroup> ```

Initial plan

23ddd0c

Copilot AI assigned Copilot and rmarinho Feb 13, 2026

Copilot AI mentioned this pull request Feb 13, 2026

[ci] Run android on MAUI-Dnceng #33997

Merged

Copilot started work on behalf of rmarinho February 13, 2026 16:44 View session

Copilot AI changed the title ~~[WIP] Update CI pipeline to run Android tests on Linux~~ [ci] Install maui-android workload on Linux for Android integration tests Feb 13, 2026

Copilot AI requested a review from rmarinho February 13, 2026 16:56

Copilot finished work on behalf of rmarinho February 13, 2026 16:56

Copilot started work on behalf of rmarinho February 13, 2026 19:11 View session

Copilot AI changed the title ~~[ci] Install maui-android workload on Linux for Android integration tests~~ [ci] Enable Linux Android integration tests with workload and KVM support Feb 13, 2026

Copilot finished work on behalf of rmarinho February 13, 2026 19:20

github-actions bot mentioned this pull request Feb 14, 2026

[repo-status] Daily Repo Status - February 14, 2026 #34054

Closed

Copilot started work on behalf of rmarinho February 18, 2026 00:50 View session

Copilot finished work on behalf of rmarinho February 18, 2026 00:58

kubaflo added s/agent-fix-pr-picked AI could not beat the PR fix - PR is the best among all candidates and removed s/agent-fix-lose Author adopted the agent's fix and it turned out to be bad labels Feb 20, 2026

Copilot started work on behalf of rmarinho February 20, 2026 14:52 View session

Copilot finished work on behalf of rmarinho February 20, 2026 14:59

rmarinho marked this pull request as ready for review February 20, 2026 16:11

rmarinho merged commit 0bc5342 into fix-android-run-linux Feb 20, 2026
23 of 27 checks passed

rmarinho deleted the copilot/sub-pr-33997 branch February 20, 2026 19:04

This was referenced Feb 21, 2026

[repo-status] Daily Repo Status - February 21, 2026 🌟 #34170

Closed

[repo-status] Daily Repo Status - Saturday, February 22, 2026 🌟 #34176

Closed

kubaflo removed the s/agent-gate-failed AI could not verify tests catch the bug label Feb 25, 2026

github-actions bot locked and limited conversation to collaborators Mar 28, 2026

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🤖 AI Summary

Issue Summary

Key Findings

PR Discussion Summary

Files Changed

Fix Candidates

Important Notes

Reason for Skip

Verification Notes

Gate Result

Fix Candidates

✅ Final Recommendation: APPROVE

Summary

Root Cause

Code Review

Minor Observation (Non-blocking)

Fix Quality

✨ Suggested PR Description

Issues Fixed

Code Review — PR #34046

✅ No Critical Issues

File: src/DotNet/DotNet.csproj

✅ Conditional workload installation

File: eng/pipelines/arcade/setup-test-env.yml

✅ KVM enablement step

🟡 Minor Observations (Non-blocking)

✅ Looks Good

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File: `src/DotNet/DotNet.csproj`

File: `eng/pipelines/arcade/setup-test-env.yml`

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